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CChiPS 2005-06 Research Portfolio
CChIPS Research Portfolio
2009-10 Projects
2008-09 Projects
2007-08 Projects
2006-07 Projects
2005-06 Projects
CChiPS 2009-2010 Research Portfolio
- A novel approach to develop age-equivalent models for pediatric long bones
Principal Investigator: Sriram Balasuramanian, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study is to develop and characterize an age-equivalent
animal model based on regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) parameters leveraged from ongoing research at CHOP measuring these parameters on a large sample of real children. - Structural and material characteristics of the pediatric thoracic cage and their relationship to age-related changes in thoracic response
Principal Investigator: Sriram Balasuramanian, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study is to quantify the geometric and material characteristics of the pediatric thoracic cage and apply that knowledge towards improved pediatric Anthropomorphic test device biofidelity requirements. - Understanding the learning to drive process for teens with high-functioning developmental disabilities
Principal Investigator: Patty Huang, MD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The aim of this study is to use a semi-structured interview to gain insight into the parent and teen factors that influence the process of learning to drive. - Neurocognitive evaluation of mild traumatic brain injury in the pediatric emergency department population
Principal Investigator: Michael L. Nance, MD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study applies neurocognitive testing to an emergency department cohort of pediatric patients with mild traumatic brain injury. - The association of body mass index and motor vehicle crash injury among 4- to 8- year-olds
Principal Investigator: Mark R. Zonfrillo, MD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The specific aim of this study is to determine the relative risk of significant injury for 4- to 8-year-old children in motor vehicle crashes who are overweight and underweight, as compared to children who are normal weight. - Child restraint systems in side impact: injury patterns and causation
Principal Investigator: Kristy Arbogast, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study is to further understand side impact protection for child restraints through an analysis of the structural interaction between the child restraint system and the vehicle. - Distracted driving in teens with ADHD
Principal Investigator: Dr. Russ Fine, University of Alabama, Birmingham
Doctoral Student: Despina Stavrinos
The objective of the proposed research is to examine the driving behavior of teens with Attention-Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a virtual simulator during simultaneous engagement in two common distracting conditions: (a) cell phone conversation and (b) a text message task with randomly assigned use of psychostimulant medication across two sessions. - NASS special study on child occupant protection
Principal Investigator: Kristy Arbogast, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The goal of this study is to adapt the Partners for Children Passenger Safety (PCPS) data collection instrument to a shorter instrument that can be implemented via phone, web, or via self-administered hard copy, while also developing and evaluating the feasibility of subject selection, contact, and consent procedures. - Transforming traffic safety through autonomic computing: a feasibility study
Principal Investigator: Dennis Durbin, MD, MSCE, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This objective of this study is to conduct the formative research and testing necessary to identify opportunities for application of information technologies and related infrastructure to overcome barriers to advancing traffic safety for children, youth, and young adults.
CChiPS 2008-2009 Research Portfolio
- Child restraint systems in side impact: injury patterns and causation
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study proposes to delineate injury causation scenarios for rear-seated, CRS-restrained children in side-impact crashes and create a contact map for each vehicle interior involved. - Effect of seat and seat belt geometry on abdominal injuries in belt-restrained children
Kristy Arbogast, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The primary objective of this study is to identify the quantitative characteristics of seat and seat belt geometry that lead to abdominal injury in seat belt-restrained child occupants. - Painful spine injury in children and young adults: Integrated biomechanics and pain modeling
Beth Winkelstein, PhD, University of Pennsylvania
This project expands an in vivo model of facet-mediated painful injury to provide injury data for children and young adults. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the role of age in painful neck injuries and to address whether and how the tolerances and mechanisms for this class of injuries are altered in different aged populations. - Passive range of motion of adult and child cervical spines
Matthew R. Maltese, MS, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The primary objective of this study is to compare the static passive cervical spine flexion of children of specific age groups (6-8, 9-12, 13-15) with adults. - State-of-the-art science – an update on child and adolescent injury research and prevention
Yoganand Ghati, MS, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study provides the CChIPS members with a biannual, state-of-the-art summary of the current research, outreach, legislature and media coverage on child and adolescent injury prevention. - Studying the influence of the pelvis for abdominal injuries using mathematical models
Prashant Jain, MS, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study will analyze the effect of pelvis geometry and stiffness on the rate- sensitive abdomen for a 6-year-old hybrid III ATD under different loading conditions. - Understanding and optimizing the advanced restraint systems for rear-seated occupants using MADYMO and modeFRONTIER
Yoganand Ghati, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study will conduct evaluation and optimization of rear-seated occupant protection performance by pretentioner and load limiter for different occupant sizes in typical vehicle rear seat conditions using MADYMO and modeFRONTIER.
CChiPS 2007-2008 Research Portfolio
- Abdominal injuries in children in belt positioning booster seats
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this project was to gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of abdominal injuries in booster-seated children and the crash and restraint factors influencing the injuries by examining field data experience. - Backup crashes
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study examined drivers' backup behavior in a naturalistic setting using vehicles equipped with combined rearview camera and sensor-based systems and an eye tracker to monitor the locations where drivers looked as they backed up. Its objective was to determine whether the combined systems reduce backup crashes. - Evaluation of the effectiveness of side-impact protection of children in child restraint systems
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this research study was to analyze, using mathematical models, the side impact methods currently being used and the effectiveness of protection offered to children in child restraint systems in a side impact. - Passive range of motion of adult and child cervical spines
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The primary objective of this study is to compare the static passive cervical spine flexion of children of specific age groups (6-8, 9-12, 13-15) with adults. As a secondary objective, these data will be applied to guide the development of child-based anthropometric test device (ATD) neck biofidelity requirements through a validated computational model of the pediatric cervical spine. - State-of-the-art science –an update on child and adolescent injury research and prevention
Yoganand Ghati, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this project was to provide CChIPS members with a biannual state-of-the-art summary about the current research, outreach, legislative, and media coverage on child and adolescent injury prevention and research. - Using MADYMO to evaluate and quantify the effect of the misuse of vehicle LATCH anchor points in a vehicle environment
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study utilized mathematical models to analyze the effects of misuse, namely the effect of variation in the LATCH attachment configurations that are either narrower or wider than the standard 280 mm. - Child occupant surveillance: A feasibility study
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study evaluated the potential transition of CHOP's current child-focused motor vehicle crash surveillance system, Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS), to a national system that leverages the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration crash research infrastructure. The feasibility study determined the viability of new methods, the quality of the potential data, the likelihood of and method for securing appropriate funding, and potential stakeholder reaction to proposed changes.
CChiPS 2006-2007 Research Portfolio
- Accidental head injuries in young children: Integrated epidemiological and biomechanical analysis
Susan Margulies, PhD, Dept. of Bioengineering, The University of Pennsylvania
This research was based on the hypothesis that accidental head injury outcomes are better for older children than infants due to biomechanical and developmental differences. A retrospective single-center cohort study and anthropomorphic surrogate experiments were conducted to correlate age-specific biomechanical factors and environmental circumstances associated with accidental head injury. The information garnered from this project helped CChIPS target high-priority opportunities to enhance child safety via effective public education and improved safety in automotive, home, and play environments. - Comparative performance of the hybrid III 3C and Q3 dummy necks in simulated frontal crashes
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
At the time this research was conducted, two anthropometric test devices (ATDs) representing the 3-year-old human child existed -- the Q3 and the Hybrid III 3C. When used to evaluate safety systems, each yielded different neck injury criteria metrics. The project goal was to build on the quasistatic testing by examining the performance of the necks in a simulated frontal FMVSS No. 213 crash. The results of this research were used to determine how the two ATDs differed in their response and allowed for informed data-driven comment on contemporary rulemaking efforts to incorporate these dummies into CRS evaluation and vehicle crash test rating programs (NCAP). - Development of a rear facing child restraint system finite element model
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study was to begin the process of building the database of child seats by developing a geometrically well-defined rear facing infant seat. Testing of the plastic material was conducted in accordance with ASTM D638-03 standards. A rigid body and finite element-based computational models were developed. The models were exercised in both MADYMO and LS-DYNA. Occupant responses in both models were also comparatively studied. - Feasibility of using CHOP's practice-based research network (PBRN) as a recruitment tool
Teresa Senserrick, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The study tested the feasibility of using an electronic research network in primary care physician offices to recruit teenage drivers as research participants. A secondary goal was to develop a system for recruitment in other traffic injury prevention research projects. The study's broad long-term objective was to develop a system for providing consistent and current traffic injury prevention information through primary care physician offices. - Injury Mechanisms in belt-restrained children in side impact crashes
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
The research delineated injury mechanisms for children involved in side impact crashes and highlighted the differences and similarities between adult and child injury patterns. The research helped determine when adult safety system concepts can be applied to children and when they cannot. It also described the patterns and mechanisms of injuries, such as abdominal or upper extremity, or injuries to various organs experienced by belt-restrained children in side-impact crashes and compared injury patterns observed in belted children with those observed in belted adults in similar crash situations. - State-of-the-art science – An update on child and adolescent injury research and prevention
Yoganand Ghati, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This project conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify and retrieve information to provide CChIPS members with a biannual, state-of- the-art summary of current research, outreach, legislature and media coverage on child and adolescent injury prevention. - Understanding the variation of accelerations experienced by rear-seated occupants
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study gathered acceleration data from the rear cross members of a sample of popular passenger cars, SUVs and minivans of model years ranging from 1980 to 2005 that have undergone NCAP testing. Analysis was conducted of the rear cross member acceleration data by model year of every sampled vehicle to determine the change in acceleration over the years. The effect of this variation in acceleration was quantified with the help of a MADYMO model. These results helped researchers understand and quantify the variation of these accelerations based on dummy performance. - Child booster seat use in China: A focus group study
Flaura Koplin Winston, MD, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Joan Ozanne-Smith, MBBS, MPH, MD, Monash University, Australia
This study investigated the amount of knowledge relating to child restraint systems, specifically booster seats, that parents in Beijing, China possess. This information was then used to select and design interventions targeted toward parents in Beijing. These interventions were shown to parents in Fall 2007 and researchers collected the reactions and behavioral changes resulting from the programs. Booster seats were provided to enrolled parents, allowing for actual behavior changes to be monitored throughout the course of the study. - Extending rear-facing recommendations to children over age one
Dawei Xie, PhD, The University of Pennsylvania
This study examined patterns of injury to children in rear-facing child restraint systems and forward-facing child restraint systems in order to provide evidence for the potential benefit of extending rear-facing recommendations to children over age one.
CChiPS 2005-06 Research Portfolio
- Cervical range of motion in young children
Kristy Arbogast, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study obtained active range of motion measurements on normal, healthy 3 to 10-year-old children. This not previously available data was used to inform enhancements to child dummy design. - Effect of high back booster seat seating angle and seat belt positioning on injury metrics of a 6-year-old ATD
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Previous research at TraumaLink revealed differential performance among various high back booster seat designs during sled tests. This study conducted a parametric analysis thru mathematical modeling to explore design differences on injury metrics. - Identifying motor vehicle crash characteristics for anatomic-specific fatal injuries in child occupants
Michael Nance, MD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study correlated anatomic fatal injuries of children with causative motor vehicle crash dynamics. It involved creating a new injury resource, a linked dataset including the Fatal Analysis Reporting System and the Multiple Cause of Death database. - Lower extremity injuries in children seated in forward facing child restraint systems
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
This study described the spectrum of lower extremity injuries to children in forward-facing child restraints seen at a level one pediatric trauma center. This study involved both prospective and retrospective full-scale crash investigations. - Misuse study of LATCH attachments: A series of sled tests
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
A case of severe cervical spine injury in a toddler was previously identified and investigated by the engineering team at TraumaLink. This child was restrained in a new child restraint with LATCH attachment, and loose attachment was one proposed injury mechanism. This study conducted a series of sled tests to examine the effects of loose attachment on injury risk.
Our Research
